Freight Shipping between US and UK | Rates - Transit times - Duties and Taxes

Get ready to ship some 'tea' across the pond, minus the Boston Tea Party drama! The business challenges of deciphering international shipping can be mystifying, with the complexities of understanding rates, transit times, and abiding by customs regulations. This guide is your beacon, demystifying the diverse freight options between the US and the UK, unpacking customs protocols, duties, taxes, and delivering targeted advice for businesses. You'll get insights on air, sea, road, and rail options, and a compass to navigate the cryptic world of customs clearance, providing you a seamless journey from pick up to delivery. If the process still feels overwhelming, let DocShipper handle it for you! Our services will efficiently steer every step of your shipping journey, turning potential hiccups into successful deliveries.

Sea freight between US and UK

The daily tango of cargo ships across the North Atlantic, linking the US and UK, mirrors a historic and immense trade relationship. Major ports like the bustling centers of New York and Long Beach interact with UK counterparts in London and Liverpool, forming the nexus of sea freight. Despite time lags, ocean transportation emerges as the pocket-friendly route for businesses shifting high-volume goods.

Nevertheless, not every crossing is smooth sailing. If you're a shipper, you know how ocean shipping between the US and UK can sometimes feel like threading a needle while riding a roller coaster. Customs regulations, cargo classifications, shipping documents - the list of challenges is almost as deep as the ocean itself. But fear not! This guide is like your personal business lighthouse, offering best practices to make hectic shipping waves more manageable. We'll dive into common mistakes and unsinkable strategies, simplifying your shipping woes to give you a crystal clear trans-Atlantic passage.

Main shipping ports in US

Port of Los Angeles

Location and Volume: Situated in San Pedro Bay, the Port of Los Angeles ranks as America's top container port. It manages an impressive 9.2 million TEU annually.

Key Trading Partners and Strategic Importance: It holds strategic importance in trade with Asia, particularly China, Japan, and South Korea. Also, it's a part of the 'San Pedro Bay Ports', playing a significant role in Trans-Pacific trade.

Context for Businesses: If your business majors in the Asia-Pacific market, it makes sense to consider the Port of Los Angeles given its robust volume and trade ties in the region.

Port of Long Beach

Location and Volume: Just adjacent to the Port of Los Angeles, Long Beach controls around 8.1 million TEU of cargo annually, making it the second busiest container port.

Key Trading Partners and Strategic Importance: Long Beach majorly handles trade with East Asia, more specifically China and South Korea. The port's strategic placement and up-to-date facilities make it a crucial aspect of the trans-Pacific route.

Context for Businesses: Businesses dealing predominantly with East Asia might find the Port of Long Beach optimum for logistics, given its advanced infrastructure and dominant position in US-East Asia shipping.

Port of New York and New Jersey

Location and Volume: Located on the East Coast, this port is the busiest on the Atlantic seaboard with a shipping volume of 7.5 million TEU.

Key Trading Partners and Strategic Importance: The Port of New York and New Jersey primarily trades with China and Germany, and serves vital import/export functions with its substantial rail and highway connections.

Context for Businesses: If your operations are spread across both the Americas and Europe, this port, due to its prime location and connectivity, could underpin your shipping requirements.

Port of Savannah

Location and Volume: Situated on the East Coast of Georgia, handling around 4.6 million TEU, it's the fastest-growing and fourth largest port in the US.

Key Trading Partners and Strategic Importance: Savannah's focus is mainly on trade with Asia, with prime partners being China and South Korea. It's also notable for its substantial warehouse and distribution center network.

Context for Businesses: Your business can leverage the Port of Savannah's growth and extensive infrastructure if your primary market falls in Asia, especially the East Asian region.

Port of Houston

Location and Volume: Based in Texas, the Port of Houston is America's largest port in terms of foreign waterborne tonnage, managing around 2.9 million TEU.

Key Trading Partners and Strategic Importance: The port mainly deals with Mexico, China, and Brazil, and is renowned for its impressive handling capacity for petroleum and chemical products.

Context for Businesses: If your scope extends to the petroleum sector and the Southern American market, the Port of Houston could be integral to your logistics plan.

Port of Seattle

Location and Volume: Located in the Pacific Northwest, the port of Seattle handles approximately 3.5 million TEU annually.

Key Trading Partners and Strategic Importance: With trade primarily concentrated in China, Japan, and South Korea, it serves as a central point in the northern trans-Pacific trade route.

Context for Businesses: Should your business target Pacific Asian markets or require access to the northwestern US regions, the Port of Seattle, with its pivotal position, can streamline your logistic operations.

Main shipping ports in UK

Port of Felixstowe

Location and Volume: Strategically located in Suffolk on the east coast of England, the Port of Felixstowe is the busiest port in the UK. It handles over 4 million twenty-foot equivalent units TEUs annually, positioning it as a significant hub for trade in Europe.

Key Trading Partners and Strategic Importance: Trading partners include countries from across the globe, but a large part of its volume goes to Asia, especially China, thanks to its deepwater capabilities. It's also an important gateway for trade with the United States and Europe.

Context for Businesses: If you're considering trade with Asian markets, the Port of Felixstowe, with its excellent global connections, could be a vital part of your strategy given its size, location, and established trade routes.

Port of London

Location and Volume: Sited on the River Thames, in proximity to London, this port handles a versatile cargo range with an annual volume exceeding 50 million tonnes.

Key Trading Partners and Strategic Importance: Main trading partners include countries from the European Union, with a strong focus on imports. The port's strategic location makes it key to supply goods to the UK's capital city and beyond.

Context for Businesses: If your business serves the UK domestic market, particularly London and the South East, the Port of London could be a wise choice for your shipping routes due to its strategic location and cargo versatility.

Port of Southampton

Location and Volume: The Port of Southampton is positioned on England’s south coast. It processes over a million TEUs annually and is one of the UK's leading ports.

Key Trading Partners and Strategic Importance: Key markets include the Far East and North America. The port also stands out because of its role as the UK's number one port for automotive trade.

Context for Businesses: If your business is involved in the automotive industry or focuses on the Far East and North American markets, the Port of Southampton provides the facilities and connections you’ll need.

Port of Liverpool

Location and Volume: Located on the northwest coast of England, the Port of Liverpool manages several million tonnes of cargo each year.

Key Trading Partners and Strategic Importance: It has strong connections with North America, the Middle East, Asia, and Europe. The port also carries notable importance in transatlantic trade.

Context for Businesses: If you’re looking to build robust shipping logistics across the Atlantic or to capitalize on the growing markets in the Middle East and Asia, the Port of Liverpool's excellent infrastructural facilities and connections can play a significant role in your strategy.

Port of Immingham

Location and Volume: Situated on the east coast of England and designed for bulk cargo, the Port of Immingham handles over 55 million tonnes of trade each year.

Key Trading Partners and Strategic Importance: The port is engaged in trading mostly with countries in Europe, specifically Scandinavian countries and the Netherlands. It is the UK’s leading port for handling bulk cargo.

Context for Businesses: If you’re dealing with bulk commodities like coal, oil, or biofuel, the Port of Immingham, with its expansive bulk-handling facilities, can support your shipping operations effectively.

Port of Grimsby

Location and Volume: Located along the east coast of England, the Port of Grimsby is a significant player in the UK's cargo industry handling millions of tonnes of cargo.

Key Trading Partners and Strategic Importance: It has strong connections with European markets, mainly for automobiles and fresh produce.

Context for Businesses: If your business involves importing fresh food or cars, especially from the European Union, the Port of Grimsby should be an essential part of your logistics due to its specialised cargo handling capability.

Should I choose FCL or LCL when shipping between US and UK?

Choosing between Full Container Load (FCL) and Less than Container Load (LCL), commonly known as consolidation, could be the game changer for your US-UK shipping journey. Balancing factors like cost, delivery time, and shipping efficiency, this critical decision is more than just a choice; it shapes the success of your goods’ voyage across the Atlantic. Dive into the nitty gritty of these two sea freight options to pinpoint the right fit for your unique shipping requirements, and chart a smoother course for your shipping process.

LCL: Less than Container Load

Definition: LCL or Less Than Container Load shipping is a freight transportation method where multiple consignments from different shippers share the space and cost of a single container. It’s useful for businesses shipping smaller volumes that don't warrant a full container load (FCL).

When to Use: LCL becomes the best choice when your cargo is less than 13/14/15 CBM. This option is perfect because of its cost-effectiveness and flexibility, allowing you to fit cargo space allocation to the size of your shipment.

Example: For instance, if a shoe manufacturer in Boston needs to send 10 CBM of shoes to a retailer in London, choosing a LCL shipment, sharing container space with other shippers, would be an effective and budget-friendly choice.

Cost Implications: With LCL freight, you only pay for the space your cargo takes up within the container. This way, you avoid the sunk costs associated with shipping a partially filled full container. However, bear in mind, LCL might have additional costs due to more handling stages in terminals.

FCL: Full Container Load

Definition: FCL or Full Container Load shipping refers to when a single customer books an entire container, typically a 20'ft or 40'ft container, for their goods.

When to Use: FCL shipping is ideal when your cargo occupies more than 13/14/15 CBM, providing two key advantages. First, it is usually cheaper if shipping high volumes, as the FCL shipping quote considers the entire container rather than individual cubic meters. Second, FCL containers provide increased safety. Since the container is sealed at the origin and not opened until it reaches its destination, the risk of damage is significantly reduced.

Example: Let's say you're a furniture retailer shipping a large quantity of sofas from Kentucky to London. The volume of your goods exceeds 14 CBM, making FCL an optimal choice. By booking an FCL container, you not only save on costs, but also ensure your sofas reach the destination unopened and undamaged.

Cost Implications: While FCL often has a higher upfront cost than LCL, the cost per unit is typically lower. Bear in mind that the total FCL shipping cost will depend on factors such as the size of the container (20'ft or 40'ft), distance, and freight rate fluctuations.

Unlock hassle-free shipping

Struggling to choose between consolidation or a full container for your US-UK shipment? Let DocShipper lighten your load. As expert freight forwarders, we simplify cargo shipping and help businesses like yours make informed decisions. Our ocean freight specialists consider crucial factors such as cargo volume, time sensitivity, and budget, before recommending the most suitable solution. Ready to take the stress out of shipping? Contact DocShipper today for your free, no-obligation estimation.

How long does sea freight take between US and UK?

On average, sea freight journey from the United States to the United Kingdom, often takes 10-14 days, depending on various factors. These factors include the specific ports used, the weight, and type of goods being shipped. Therefore, for a tailored quote that takes your individual circumstances into account, consider involving the services of a freight forwarder like DocShipper.

US Ports	UK Ports	Transit Time (Days)
Port of New York	Port of London	17
Port of Los Angeles	Port of Southampton	37
Port of Savannah	Port of Harwich	10-14
Port of Houston	Port of Felixstowe	12

*When considering average transit times between the US and the UK, the table below shows rough estimates for the four primary ports in both countries.

How much does it cost to ship a container between US and UK?

Pinning down the exact ocean freight rates between the US and UK can be as unpredictable as the wave itself. Shipping costs per cubic meter (CBM) sway widely, affected by factors like the loading point, destination, carrier chosen, nature of goods and the swirling currents of market fluctuations. But don't stress, our shipping specialists who are as dependable as a captain's compass, will work one-on-one with you, harnessing their knowledge and experience to bring in the best rates possible. We don't believe in a 'one size fits all' proclamation, so every quote we craft is tailored to your unique shipping needs. Take the plunge with us!

Special transportation services

Out of Gauge (OOG) Container

Definition: An OOG container or 'Out of Gauge' container, is used for cargo that doesn't fit within standard container dimensions due to its size or shape.
Suitable for: Equipment, machinery, and other oversized items that can't be broken down into smaller parts.
Examples: Construction and farming equipment, windmill propellers, large pipes, or industrial machinery.
Why it might be the best choice for you: If you're dealing with cargo that exceeds standard dimensions, OOG container shipping ensures safe and secure transportation.

Break Bulk

Definition: This method involves shipping goods individually or in smaller units (as opposed to containerized). These goods are usually loaded onto individual pallets or into sacks, bags, or drums.
Suitable for: Smaller shipments that do not fill a full container, or goods that can be easily loaded and unloaded like bags of coffee, drums of oil, or cases of wine.
Examples: Bags of grain, barrels of oil, or crates of fruit.
Why it might be the best choice for you: If your goods are not large enough for a full container or don't require special handling, break bulk could offer a more economical solution.

Dry Bulk

Definition: Dry bulk refers to shipping loose cargo load - commodities that are shipped in large quantities and loaded directly into the vessel’s hold.
Suitable for: Commodities that can withstand exposure to the elements.
Examples: Coal, grains, metal ores and cement.
Why it might be the best choice for you: If you're transporting large quantities of homogeneous goods and speed is not your priority, choosing dry bulk shipping could significantly lower your shipping costs.

Roll-on/Roll-off (Ro-Ro)

Definition: Ro-Ro is a type of vessel designed to transport wheeled cargo, such as cars, trucks, semi-trailer trucks, trailers, and railroad cars, that are driven on and off the ship on their own wheels or using a platform vehicle.
Suitable for: Vehicles and machinery that can be driven on and off the ro-ro vessel.
Examples: Cars, buses, tractors, and construction equipment like cranes or bulldozers.
Why it might be the best choice for you: If you're shipping vehicles or self-propelled machinery, using a ro-ro service could save you time and money on packing.

Reefer Containers

Definition: Refrigerated containers, or 'reefers,' are a type of shipping container that comes with built-in refrigeration units. These containers maintain a controlled temperature to preserve the quality of perishable goods.
Suitable for: Perishables such as fruits, vegetables, dairy products, or pharmaceuticals.
Examples: Fresh produce, frozen food, flowers, or medicine.
Why it might be the best choice for you: If you're dealing with temperature-sensitive goods, investing in reefer containers will assure that your product's freshness and quality are preserved during transit.

With DocShipper, choosing the best shipping method for your cargo doesn't have to be a challenge. To get a free shipping quote in less than 24 hours, reach out to us today. We're committed to providing our clients with the best, most cost-effective solutions for their shipping needs.

Air freight between US and UK

Global trade can be a fast-paced affair; and nothing moves things quicker than air freight between the US and UK. This express delivery option shines for small but valuable packages, think high-end electronics or delicate pharmaceuticals. Besides the speed, air freight is a poster child for reliability, sticking to strict timelines. However, not everything is as swift and smooth. Many businesses tumble into costly pitfalls, like using the wrong weight formula to estimate shipping costs. It's like solving a puzzle with a missing piece; bound to end up skewed and expensive. In the following sections, we'll dive into these avoidable errors and explain how to keep your air freight costs down and efficiency up.

Should I choose Air Cargo between US and UK?

Exploring air cargo as your preferred shipping method from the US to the UK? It's an attractive choice if you're transporting over 100/150 kg (220/330 lbs) of cargo. Amongst many, airlines like British Airways and American Airlines are examples of professional players in this field. Air cargo is known for being cost-effective and reliable, with fixed schedules assuring longer, but predictable transit times. This method could complement your budgetary needs, offering excellent service at an affordable expense.
Check out their official websites British Airways and American Airlines to explore more on their freight services.

Should I choose Express Air Freight between US and UK?

Wondering if Express Air Freight is right for your US to UK shipments? This specialized service, offered by companies like FedEx, UPS, and DHL, exclusively utilizes cargo planes, making it an excellent option for cargo below 1 CBM or under 100/150 kg (220/330lbs). Thanks to fast, reliable delivery and efficient handling of customs clearance, it's a perfect fit when speed is critical. Think of urgent documents, valuable goods, or time-sensitive materials. If your shipment falls within these parameters, Express Air Freight could be your solution. Remember, choosing the appropriate freight service is key to optimizing both time and cost. Make your choice count!

Main international airports in US

Los Angeles International Airport (LAX)

Cargo Volume: LAX handles over 2.21 million metric tons of cargo annually.
Key Trading Partners: Primarily links Asia and Oceania to North America, with China and Australia being major trading partners.
Strategic Importance: As one of the leading cargo airports in the US, its strategic location on the West Coast makes it a major gateway for Trans-Pacific trade. Its extensive network spans across 88+ airlines to more than 100 countries.
Notable Features: LAX has a separate cargo city complete with facilities for express couriers and freight forwarders.
For Your Business: If your business operates in the Pacific region, LAX's broad network, particularly to Asia, can significantly reduce transit times and ensure rapid delivery of your goods.

Miami International Airport (MIA)

Cargo Volume: MIA handles over 2.30 million metric tons of cargo annually.
Key Trading Partners: It serves as a major cargo hub for Latin America and Caribbean, with Brazil and Argentina being key partners.
Strategic Importance: MIA is known as the Gateway to Latin America due to its vast network throughout this region.
Notable Features: MIA has the only U.S. Customs and Border Protection Federal Inspection facility specially designed to expedite freight processing.
For Your Business: If your business targets Latin America and the Caribbean, MIA's comprehensive network in these regions will strengthen your supply chain and enhance your delivery capabilities.

John F. Kennedy International Airport (JFK)

Cargo Volume: JFK handles over 1.85 million metric tons of cargo in a year.
Key Trading Partners: Europe and South America, with the UK and Brazil as significant partners.
Strategic Importance: JFK's location on the East Coast and extensive network to key markets in Europe and South America make it a significant hub for transatlantic trade.
Notable Features: JFK has a dedicated air cargo center, which is one of the largest worldwide.
For Your Business: If your operations involve European or South American markets, JFK can facilitate faster, more efficient shipments owing to its strong transatlantic network and state-of-the-art cargo facilities.

Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport (ATL)

Cargo Volume: ATL handles over 2.6 million metric tons of cargo each year.
Key Trading Partners: Primarily transacting with North America, Europe, and Asia, with top trading countries being China, Germany, and South Korea.
Strategic Importance: ATL is among the world’s busiest airports in both passenger and cargo traffic. It connects key domestic and international markets, serving as a significant hub for global trade.
Notable Features: ATL boasts the world's largest terminal complex under a single roof.
For Your Business: ATL's massive freight volume and wide-reaching network ensure your goods can be delivered to key markets promptly and efficiently, strengthening your domestic and international trade footprint.

O’Hare International Airport (ORD)

Cargo Volume: ORD processes around 2 million metric tons of cargo annually.
Key Trading Partners: Europe and Asia are primary partners, with key countries being Germany and Taiwan.
Strategic Importance: Positioned centrally in the US, ORD sits in a strategic location for transcontinental and international freight transit.
Notable Features: ORD has dedicated international and domestic air freight complexes designed to expedite the processing of large cargo volumes.
For Your Business: ORD’s centrally-located facilities and robust network can ensure quicker, efficient shipping across multiple market regions, enhancing your operational efficiency.

Main international airports in UK

London Heathrow Airport

Cargo Volume: Over 1.7 million metric tons annually.
Key Trading Partners: USA, China, Germany, Australia.
Strategic Importance: London Heathrow Airport is one of the busiest cargo hubs globally, located conveniently in the UK's largest city, providing access to various markets.
Notable Features: Hosts over 80 airlines, offering nearly 200 destinations, and advanced cargo handling facilities.
For Your Business: Its vast network could amplify your brand's global presence and drone technology enables efficient cargo handling, potentially quickening your delivery timelines.

Manchester Airport

Cargo Volume: Approximately 120,000 metric tons annually.
Key Trading Partners: USA, UAE, China, Germany.
Strategic Importance: Manchester Airport is a regional cargo hub serving the North West, great for accessing markets in that region.
Notable Features: Houses World Freight Terminal, a dedicated cargo handling center.
For Your Business: Ideal point of entry if your markets are regionally focused, potentially helping to reduce distribution time and costs within the North West.

Stansted Airport

Cargo Volume: Over 250,000 metric tons annually.
Key Trading Partners: Europe, UAE, Asia, and USA.
Strategic Importance: Stansted Airport is located close to London, offering excellent freight transportation links to Europe's trading hubs.
Notable Features: Specializes in long-haul freighter aircraft, 24-hour operational freedom.
For Your Business: If your business heavily focuses on European trade, then this airport's extensive connections may provide you with an edge.

East Midlands Airport

Cargo Volume: Over 320,000 metric tons annually.
Key Trading Partners: Europe, USA, Asia.
Strategic Importance: Prime hub for freight operators due to its central location in England, serving both North and South.
Notable Features: East Midlands Airport is one of the UK’s busiest pure freight airports, home to leading courier companies.
For Your Business: Being a logistic hotspot for leading couriers, you could utilize its comprehensive freight forwarding services to have consistency in your operations.

Edinburgh Airport

Cargo Volume: About 15,300 metric tons annually.
Key Trading Partners: USA, Europe, and the Middle East.
Strategic Importance: Edinburgh Airport is Scotland's busiest airport, perfect for reaching markets in Scotland and Northern England.
Notable Features: Direct flights to many international destinations, and well-equipped cargo handling facilities.
For Your Business: Its convenient position can help you tap markets in Scotland and Northern England, providing a strong standing point for strategic cargo distribution.

How much does it cost to ship a parcel between US and UK with air freight?

The cost of air freight between the US and UK can broadly range from $3 to $15 per kg, highly dependent on factors such as distance to/from airports, goods dimensions and weight, and nature of the goods. Unfortunately, an exact price out of context can be misleading. Rest assured, our team is dedicated to offering the most cost-effective solutions, crafting personalized quotes that reflect your unique shipping needs. Contact us to receive a free, no-obligation quote within 24 hours. Let's navigate this journey together.

What is the difference between volumetric and gross weight?

Gross weight is the total weight of a shipment, packing materials and all. Volumetric weight, also known as dimensional weight, is a pricing technique for commercial freight transport, factoring in how much space an item takes up in relation to its actual weight.

To calculate gross weight in air cargo, simply weigh your shipment, including all packing materials.

Let's say you're shipping machinery parts weighing a total of 200kg (or 440.9 lbs). Volumetric weight calculation requires the dimensions of the shipment. It's determined by multiplying the package’s length, width, and height (in cm), then dividing the result by the industry-standard divisor, which is 6000 for air cargo and 5000 for express air freight. Suppose this shipment measures 120 x 80 x 70cm. The volumetric weight for Air Cargo would be 120 80 70 / 6000 = 112 kg (or 246.9 lbs). However, for express air freight services, it would be 120 80 70 / 5000 = 134.4 kg (or 296.3 lbs).

This might seem like an arithmetic exercise but it's key for freight charges. Airlines will charge based on whichever weight is higher, the gross weight or the volumetric weight. This ensures that light, large packages don't end up reducing cargo capacity. So, understanding these calculations can be the difference between an 'expected' vs. 'unanticipated' freight cost.

Overview – Door to Door

Are shipping complexities daunting your international business? Our popular door to door service eliminates the fear of such intricacies, providing you a stress-free logistics solution for US-UK shipments. Your only task? Hand us your goods. From pick-up and packaging to customs clearance and final delivery in the UK, you're completely covered. However, convenience comes at a price; door-to-door is often more costly than standard port-to-port shipping. But with this streamlined solution, time is definitely on your side, boosting your business competencies. DocShipper's clients commonly favor this comprehensive service for robust, hassle-free international shipping- why not join them?

Why should I use a Door to Door service between US and UK?

Remember the classic game of 'hot potato'? Imagine your cargo is the potato. Now, wouldn't it be nice if someone else handled your hot potato all the way from pickup to delivery? Door to door service is your game-changer. Here are five compelling reasons why you should consider this service for your US-UK shipments.

1. Less Logistics-related stress: Door to Door service allows you to coolly sit back and focus on your core business activities, while your provider navigates the world of shipping for you. They pick up the goods from your location and handle everything until it reaches the recipient's doorstep. No more juggling multiple contracts!

2. Speedy Delivery: If 'fast and furious' is your shipment speed, you're in luck! This service prides itself in timeliness, especially vital for urgent shipments, saving you from any 'Fast & Furious' sequel kind of excitement.

3. Tailor-made for Complex Cargo: Got something a little more complicated than stacking bricks? This service offers specialized care handling complex cargo, ensuring your goods are treated with the attention they deserve.

4. End-to-End Tracking: Door to Door providers, unlike the kind folks at Where's Waldo, make it their business to track and update you about your shipment's whereabouts at all phases of the journey.

5. Ultimate Convenience: The provider arranges all trucking until the final destination, so you won't have to lift more than your morning espresso cup. A smooth, seamless process from start to finish!

The Door to Door service isn't just a service, it's a stress-buster, speed-bringer, cargo-carer, tracker-extraordinaire, and convenience-creator all rolled into one efficient package!

DocShipper – Door to Door specialist between US and UK

Imagine a hassle-free shipping experience from the US to the UK, where your only task is to sit back and relax. This is what DocShipper has on the plate for you. With our expertise in logistics, we manage everything from packing to customs, across all shipping methods. No stress, no hassle, as you will have a dedicated Account Executive who knows the ins and outs of your shipping needs. Get in touch today for a fast, free estimate within 24 hours, or consult our specialists at your convenience. We’re here to make your shipping experience seamless.

Customs clearance in UK for goods imported from US

Customs clearance is an obligatory process of transporting goods across borders, which can be quite intricate. The journey from US to UK poses its own unique challenges. It's critical to anticipate potential complications such as unexpected fees, which can blindside you. Being well-versed in customs duties, taxes, quotas, and licenses could save your goods from getting stuck at customs, negating any unpleasant global shipping experiences. This guide breaks down these areas and ensures you're well-equipped to navigate this journey. With DocShipper, you're not alone. We assist on the complete process for any kind of goods, globally. For an estimation, reach out to our team with the origin, value of the goods, and the HS Code. Let's tackle these complexities together.

How to calculate duties & taxes when importing from US to UK?

Unraveling the complexities of customs duties can seem daunting, but the process becomes a lot more manageable when you understand the key factors contributing to its calculation. You'll need information like the country of origin, the Harmonized System (HS) Code - a universal classification system for goods, the Customs Value - which is typically the purchase price of the goods, the Applicable Tariff Rate - determined by the HS Code, and additional taxes & fees that might apply to your specific products. Actual estimation of customs duties and taxes commences with identifying where your goods were originally manufactured or produced.

Step 1 - Identify the Country of Origin

Identifying the Country of Origin, is the cornerstone in estimating duties and taxes when importing from the US to the UK. Why?

First, it shortens your search for the Harmonized System (HS) code. Second, it pins down the applicable trade agreements. For instance, if a product is 'Made in USA', it falls under the Mutual Recognition Agreement (MRA) with the UK, resulting in reduced duties.

Third, each country has particular import restrictions that must be acknowledged. For the US-to-UK route, goods like animal products or firearms require additional permits. Fourth, it aids in understanding specific custom regulation requirements for your consignment.

Lastly, this step lays the foundation needed to ensure smooth customs clearance. Keep this in mind: a solid start will set the tone for the remainder of the import process.

When you identify the country of origin, you'll unravel the picture of what the overall costs may look like, and you'll have actionable knowledge to kickstart your shipping process.

Step 2 - Find the HS Code of your product

The Harmonized System Code, or HS Code, is a multi-purpose international product nomenclature developed by the World Customs Organization. It helps in the classification of traded products and is used by customs authorities around the world to identify products for the application of duties and taxes.

If you are unsure of the HS Code for your product, the best course of action is to ask your supplier. Given their familiarity with the product and the relevant regulations, they are likely to have this information on hand.

However, in case you cannot obtain the HS Code from your supplier, there's no need to worry! You can easily find it with the following step-by-step process.

1. Use an HS lookup tool such as the Harmonized Tariff Schedule.
2. Enter the name of your product into the search bar.
3. Look for the HS Code in the 'Heading/Subheading' column.

Note: It is critical to accurately determine the HS Code of your product. A wrongly selected HS Code can lead to delays in shipping and potential fines, as it would complicate the customs clearance process. Therefore, ensure you invest time in this to avoid any unnecessary issues down the line.

Here's an infographic showing you how to read an HS code. The correct understanding of HS Codes will not only streamline your shipping process but also help you avoid potential roadblocks in your journey toward successful international trading.

Step 3 - Calculate the Customs Value

Calculating the customs value can be puzzling - but it's not just the product's price tag. The World Trade Organization defines it as the CIF (Cost, Insurance, and Freight) value: the value of the goods + international shipping cost + insurance cost. For instance, if you have a product valued at $500, shipping is $50, and insurance is $20, your CIF is $570. This forms the basis on which UK customs duty is calculated for goods imported from the US. Understanding this CIF value is vital for accurately predicting your import costs to avoid any unexpected expenses down the line. So, remember that your customs value is more than just the item's price – it's about the whole journey to your doorstep.

Step 4 - Figure out the applicable Import Tariff

Import tariffs are charges imposed on imported goods before they can enter a country. For the UK, they determine these rates through the Trade Tariff service provided by their government.

To utilize the Trade Tariff Tool, you'll need your product's Harmonized System (HS) code, which we’ve identified in the earlier steps of this guide. As an example, let's assume you're importing basketballs from the US with an HS code of 950662.

Here's the step-by-step process:

1. Go to the Trade Tariff: look up commodity codes, duty, and VAT rates tool on the UK government site.
2. Type in your HS code in the search box and the country of origin (The US in this case).
3. Click on your product from the search list and find the 'Import (standard)' section to see the duty rate. For this example, the rate is, say, 5%.

To calculate import duties, add the cost of the goods with the cost of shipping and insurance charges (Cost, Insurance, and Freight, CIF). Express this total in USD. If your CIF is $2000, your import duty would be 5% of $2000, which gives you $100. Understanding this helps budget for any extra costs, keeping your import process smooth and predictable.

Step 5 - Consider other Import Duties and Taxes

When importing goods from the US to the UK, you'll come across more than just the standard tariff. Sometimes, other import duties are applicable, and these will vary depending on the country of origin and nature of your goods.

For instance, you might have to bear an 'excise duty' if you're importing alcohol or tobacco products. Additionally, to level the playing field against cheap imports, 'anti-dumping taxes' could apply if you're importing goods sold much lower than their normal value.

Lastly, the Value-Added Tax (VAT) is paramount. In the UK, it's normally charged as a percentage of the total cost of goods, shipping, and any import duty due. For example, if the total cost is $1000 (goods cost $800, shipping $100, and import duty $100), and the VAT rate is 20%, your VAT amount would be $200. These are illustrative numbers and can vary based on actual charges.

Remember, understanding these crucial details and anticipating costs effectively can save your business time and money.

Step 6 - Calculate the Customs Duties

Calculating your customs duties may seem daunting, but it doesn't have to be. Here's a simple walkthrough. Firstly, customs duties are determined by your goods' customs value, which is basically their landed cost (product cost + transport + insurance). Then, add VAT (Value Added Tax), if applicable, and any other taxes like anti-dumping tax and excise duty for specific goods.

Consider these scenarios:

1. Suppose you're importing a machine from the US valued at $1,000. If the customs duty rate is 4.5%, your customs duty is $45 (4.5% of $1,000). No VAT here, so your total customs cost is simply $45.

2. Now, let's add a 20% VAT. Same machine, same customs duty of $45, plus $200 VAT (20% of $1,000). Your total now leaps to $245.

3. Let's throw in a 25% anti-dumping tax and 5% excise duty. With a machine value of $1,000, your total customs duty is $45, VAT is $200, anti-dumping tax is $250 (25% of $1,000), and excise duty is $50 (5% of $1,000). Your overall customs bill is a chunky $545.

Confused? Don't fret. DocShipper handles these complex calculations, guaranteeing swift customs clearance across the globe. We'll ensure you're not overpaying. Contact us today for a free quote in less than 24 hours.

Does DocShipper charge customs fees?

While DocShipper oversees your customs clearance in the US and UK, it doesn't charge you customs duties. Customs clearance fees are different; these are directly charged by DocShipper or any customs broker to handle your paperwork. On the other hand, customs duties and taxes are paid straight to the government, not the broker. As proof, we'll provide documents from the customs office confirming what you've paid, ensuring transparency. Remember the fee you pay us doesn't reflect the government's charges—like when you hire an accountant, but the taxes go straight to the tax office. It's that kind of relation!

Bill of Lading

If you're shipping goods from the US to the UK, the Bill of Lading isn't just another piece of paper, it's your product's passport on its global journey. Think of it as proof of purchase for international freight. This vital document contains every detail of your shipment, from weight and dimensions to the port of loading and destination. In the digital era, you can streamline things with an electronic or telex release, speeding up the customs process without the need for physical paperwork. If you're flying goods over instead, you'll need the AWB (Air WayBill) instead, serving a similar purpose in the world of air cargo. Remember, without these key documents, your products won't even leave the warehouse. Stay ahead of the game, and fast-track your freight like a pro.

Packing List

Shipping your goods from the US to the UK? Don't forget the indispensable Packing List! While it may seem like just another piece of paperwork, your Packing List is really your shipment's life story. It tells customs officers what's in your shipment, where it's been, and where it's going. Details matter here - a vague or inaccurate description like 'plastics' won't cut it. For example, let's say you're shipping plastic tableware; declare the types, the quantity, and even the colors. This document isn't just for sea freight; it's equally vital for air cargo. Make sure you've got a precise, detailed Packing List, and you'll make your goods' journey across the Atlantic a lot smoother. So, before your cargo hits the high seas or takes to the sky, ensure your Packing List is accurate to the tee. Your business depends on it!

Commercial Invoice

Shipping between the US and UK? Your Commercial Invoice needs to be picture perfect. This crucial document provides a detailed list of your shipment's contents, including each product's name, quantity, price, and origin. Info discrepancies can cause customs delays, leading to pesky hiccups in your supply chain. Tip: Ensure that your Commercial Invoice aligns perfectly with other shipping documents like the Bill of Lading. For instance, if you're shipping 100 T-shirts from Jacksonville to Liverpool, every unit, down to the color and size, should match across all documents. Address these challenges head-on for smoother customs clearance and happy trading.

Certificate of Origin

The Certificate of Origin (CoO) is your passport when shipping goods from the US to the UK. This vital document bears testimony to where your goods were made. Think of it as a birth certificate for your products. Take, for example, a shipment of Texas-built computers bound for Britain. That CoO, stamped 'Made in USA', could unlock preferential customs duties at UK borders. Now, isn't that a sweet deal worth every effort verifying where your goods were born? Always remember, for that easy, budget-friendly trip across the pond, get your CoO right – country of manufacture and all. It's worth its weight in gold - or should we say, reduced customs bills!

Restricted Products

Live Animals: You have to apply for health certificates and permits from the Animal and Plant Health Agency. More details can be found here.
Certain Medicinal and Pharmacological Products: You should secure a license from the Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency.
Fireworks: You have to apply for a license from the Explosives Industry Group.
Weapons and ammunition: It is mandatory to apply for a license from the Home Office.
Radio Equipment: You need to apply for a license from Ofcom to bring these items into the UK.
Certain Food Products: You’ll require a license from the Food Standards Agency.
Tobacco Products: If you're planning on shipping these, you need to comply with the HM Revenue & Customs regulations.
Certain Biological Materials: To legally ship these to the UK, you must first get clearance from the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs.

Remember, the categories listed here are not exhaustive, and you should always cross-check with relevant UK government departments to determine the specific licenses or permits that you may need for your shipment.

Prohibited products

Narcotics and illegal drugs: such as heroin, cocaine, methamphetamine, marijuana
Offensive weapons, like automatic firearms, switchblades, or disguised knives
Endangered animal and plant species, unless accompanied by relevant licenses
Counterfeit or pirated goods, such as knock-off designer clothing and illegally copied media
Indecent and obscene material, including child pornography and hardcore pornography
Furs from harp and hooded seals, and products made from them
Live plants or animals, unless accompanied by relevant health certificates and licenses
Certain types of radio transmitters that are not EU-compliant
Cats, dogs, and ferrets without a pet passport or third-country official veterinary certificate
Rough diamonds without a Kimberley Process Certificate
Personal imports of meat and dairy products from most non-EU countries
Any items that bear the likeness or reproduction of British currency, if not authorized

Are there any trade agreements between US and UK

Yes, there is a mutual recognition agreement (MRA) between the US and UK which helps reduce technical barriers to trade. Although there's currently no Free Trade Agreement (FTA), ongoing discussions aim to put one in place. This means you could potentially reap future benefits like reduced tariffs when shipping between these countries. Keep an eye on these negotiations as they can directly impact your import-export business, presenting new opportunities for growth.

US - UK trade and economic relationship

The US-UK relationship is steeped in centuries of mutual trade and economic cooperation, evolving into a robust partnership. Post WWII, the 'special relationship' was solidified with an increasing trade flow. Today, pivotal sectors include finance, pharmaceuticals, and technology with commodities comprising machinery, vehicles, and medical apparatus. In 2022, the US was the UK's largest trading partner accounting for 16.3% ( £517 billion) of all UK's trade. The UK reciprocates as the 7th largest trading partner of the US with goods and services trade totaling £1.7 trillion in the same year. Direct investment from the US amounted to $851.4 billion in 2019, fortifying the countries' ties. This dynamic trade environment brings valuable opportunities for businesses navigating the waters of US-UK commerce.

Packaging and repackaging

Proper packaging is critical in cross-Atlantic shipping, as it ensures your goods arrive intact and on time. Be it delicate artifacts, bulky machinery, or perishable goods, having a reliable agent to oversee packaging is crucial. For instance, artworks require custom crates, while machines call for robust shielding. Aiming for optimal safety and legislative compliance, we offer tailored packaging and repackaging solutions for diverse products. Dive into specifics on our dedicated page: Freight Packaging.

Personal effects shipping

Shipping personal effects from the US to UK can be a logistics challenge, with nuances like fragile and bulky items requiring utmost care and adaptability. Imagine shipping a bulky family heirloom, with its sentimental value beyond measure. You don't want any risk in transit, right? That's where our expertise comes in, ensuring your cherished possessions reach their new home safely. Discover more about the seamless process we tender on our dedicated page: Shipping Personal Belongings.

Quality Control

Ensuring your products meet the required quality standards is a vital step when shipping between the US and the UK. Our Quality Control service inspects your goods during manufacturing, preventing damaged or sub-par items before they reach the shipping container. It's no secret that faulty fireworks led to financial havoc for a US importer. Mistakenly, wilted roses dampened a UK florist’s big event. Avoid such mishaps with our proactive measures. More info on our dedicated page: Quality Inspection.

Product compliance services

When shipping goods overseas, ensuring compliance with destination regulations is crucial. This is where our Product Compliance Services shine. They include laboratory testing to verify your merchandise meets these rules. We help you avoid shipment delays and potential fines, providing peace of mind. A real-world example comes from a client whose equipment passed testing, avoiding costly customs issues. Get certified and stay compliant without stress. More info on our dedicated page: Product compliance services.

FAQ | For 1st-time importers between US and UK

What is the necessary paperwork during shipping between US and UK?

When shipping from the US to the UK, we at DocShipper take care of the majority of the paperwork for you, including the bill of lading for sea freight or airway bill for air freight. However, we do require your assistance in providing a few necessary documents. These include the packing list and commercial invoice, which should detail the contents and value of your shipment. Keep in mind, additional documents might be required based on the nature of your goods, such as the MSDS or certain certifications. Rest assured, we'll guide you through each step of the process to ensure a smooth shipping experience.

Do I need a customs broker while importing in UK?

While it's not a strict requirement, we at DocShipper strongly recommend employing a customs broker while importing goods in the UK. The reason is the complex processes, and the myriad mandatory documents that need to be managed. These specialists are well-versed and can efficiently interact with customs authorities, facilitating a smooth, trouble-free import process. Essentially, our role is to represent your cargo at customs, overseeing the necessary procedures, making the majority of shipments much more straightforward and less time-consuming for you.

Can air freight be cheaper than sea freight between US and UK?

Determining whether air freight is cheaper than sea freight from the US to the UK isn't straightforward, as it depends on various factors such as route, weight, and volume. Typically, if your cargo is less than 1.5 cubic meters or weighs less than 300 kg (660 lbs), air freight can be an economical choice. Rest assured, we at DocShipper ensure our dedicated account executives provide you with the most competitive shipping options tuned to your specific needs.

Do I need to pay insurance while importing my goods to UK?

As DocShipper, we always emphasize the importance of insurance when shipping goods, especially internationally. While it might not be legally required, it's an additional layer of security for your valuable shipments. The unpredictability of global logistics - from potential transport damage to loss or theft - makes having insurance highly beneficial. It's always better to err on the side of caution and protect your goods to ensure peace of mind during transit. So, while it's not a must to insure your import to the UK, we firmly advise it.

What is the cheapest way to ship to UK from US?

When shipping from the US to the UK, we at DocShipper generally recommend sea freight as the cheapest method. This option, while slower than air freight, significantly reduces costs, especially for bulkier shipments. However, for small, light, or particularly urgent shipments, air freight might be more cost-effective. Always remember, the right choice depends on your specific shipment's characteristics.

EXW, FOB, or CIF?

Choosing between EXW, FOB, or CIF largely depends on your relationship with your supplier. However, remember, suppliers aren't expected to be logistics professionals. Leaving the aspects of international freight and destination processes to us at DocShipper can streamline things for you. Typically, suppliers sell under EXW terms (from the factory door) or FOB terms (which includes all local charges up to the origin terminal). Regardless of these terms, we offer door-to-door services to ease your logistics needs. Trust us to handle it all efficiently and professionally.

Goods have arrived at my port in UK, how do I get them delivered to the final destination?

When we manage your cargo under CIF/CFR incoterms, you'll need to engage a custom broker or a freight forwarder to handle goods clearance at the terminal, pay import charges, and arrange delivery to its final location. Alternatively, you can use our DAP incoterms service where we'll manage the entire process. Please clarify these options with your dedicated account executive at DocShipper.

Does your quotation include all cost?

At DocShipper, we understand the importance of clarity in charges. Our quotation includes all costs except for the duties and taxes at your destination, which can be estimated by your dedicated account executive on request. We believe in full transparency and commitment to not let any hidden fees, ensuring no unexpected surprises for you.

Which are the different modes of transportation between US and UK?